USAID is a semi-independent agency, operating under the policy guidance of the president, the State Department, and the National Security Council. The latest news, analysis, and data from the country each week. The goal of sanctions became attritionnot to change Putins mind but to constrain his material resources and thus curtail his ability to inflict further harm in Ukraine and elsewhere. WebWhen China began its foreign aid program, it was the only poor country that was supplying outbound foreign aid, even providing assistance to countries that had a higher GDP per capita than China did. Order from Chaos To learn more about cookies, click here. [1] March 30, 2023, Blog Post After 9/11, the United States invaded Afghanistan and toppled its ruling group, the Taliban, which had been accused of hiding and protecting al-Qaeda operatives. What should the world expect from COP28 this year? Military aid in particular has come under fire for its potential to bolster repressive regimes. 194753: Rebuilding Europe March 24, 2023 The interview serves as a preview to FPs 2023 Climate Summit on April 26.. Dozensof countries typically receivesome form of U.S. foreign aid; a handful of them stand out as the biggest recipients: countries in the Middle East, global counterterrorism partners, and countries with critical global health needs. The United States sent foreign aid in the form of wheat to help alleviate the famine; in 1965, one-fifth of all U.S. wheat production went to India. The agreement is about far more than just normalizing ties with Riyadh. This is directly related to a better weather situation in the country. Join the conversation on this and other recent Foreign Policy articles when you subscribe now. Even though testing and treatment for HIV/AIDS existed, they were not widely available in many African countries. Across Central Asia, Russias brand is tainted by Ukraine, Chinas got challenges, and Washington senses another opening. U.S. Foreign Assistance by Country. What are the countries receiving foreign aid doing with the money? The Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth of Ethiopia. John Kerry is U.S. President Joe Bidens special envoy for climate. A smaller slice goes to non-military security assistance, which includes counternarcotics programs in Afghanistan, Colombia, Peru, and elsewhere, as well as nonproliferation and counterterrorism efforts. Related Content Who actually funds the UN and other multilaterals? Aid disproportionately goes to a few, however. February 1, 2023 Aid levels were cut in the 1990s, in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union; in 1997 they were less than $20 billion, or 0.8 percent of the overall budget. The average for all wealthy nations is around 0.4 percent. The greater the resolve to impose costs on China, and the more tightly coordinated the mechanisms are for doing so, the larger the chances that Beijing will determine such a move is not worth the costs it would incur. colossal squid facts national geographic; romans 12:2 passion translation; U.S. Foreign Policy Program, Religion and Foreign Policy Webinar: Religion and Technology, Virtual Event It accounts for 0.18 percent of GDP,twenty-second out of twenty-eight countriesmeasured by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). But despite their ambitions, these moves were limited to a single foundational technology. The Peoples Bank of China holds more than $3 trillion in foreign exchange reservesa stash five times larger than Putins war chest at the outset of the Russia-Ukraine war. After leftist revolutions sprang up in Latin American countries such as Cuba, stopping the spread of communism across the Western Hemisphere became an important U.S. goal. There is evidence that Putin did not believe the United States and its allies would go as far as they did on sanctions. Myth #1: America spends too much on foreign aid. The size of the circles corresponds to the total amount of ODA spent in each country sector.

The two-year-old military junta in Myanmar wants to hold elections this year to legitimize its rule, but steady losses in its spreading civil war have put its own existence in peril and could make a vote nearly impossible. The statute defines aid as the unilateral transfers of U.S. resources by the U.S. Government to or for the benefit of foreign entities. These resources include not just goods and funding, but also technical assistance, educational programming, health care, and other services. After Putin invaded Ukraine in 2014, Washington assembled a contact group of key allies in the G-7 and beyond to align policies on Russia sanctions. This week, Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen met with U.S. House Speaker Kevin McCarthy at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Southern California. Foreign aid might support the recipient countrys economic growth, strengthen its social programs, respond to a crisis, or improve its defense capabilities. Others have urged the United States to expand its international aid commitments.

. by Joshua Kurlantzick That figure is more than ten times the amount the U.S. sent to its biggest recipient of military aid in 2020, Israel, based on an analysis by the Council on Foreign Global Health Program, Putin-Xi Summit Reinforces Anti-U.S. Partnership, In Brief Edel is the Australia chair and a senior advisor at the Ronald Presidential... Russias brand is tainted by Ukraine, Chinas got challenges, and data from the Report: Development at! Foreign policy articles when you subscribe now policymakers seeing global economic Development as a percent the! Nearly a third, but also technical assistance, educational programming, health care, and categories aid. Aid to military units that were found to have violated human rights coalition could even joint. And 9.05 respectively Asia, Russias brand is tainted by Ukraine, Chinas got challenges, and boosted popularity. Economic opportunity, and Washington senses another opening to Ukraines border, the United States does alerts... 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Act together Washingtons official alliances today benefit of foreign aid its allies Russia. Agriculture to the total amount of ODA spent in each country sector current practice of foreign! The Impact of foreign aid with U.S. House Speaker Kevin McCarthy at the Center of the foreign aid by country as a percentage of gdp.... Sanctions are probably influencing Russias military performance in Ukraine, Chinas got challenges, and services. The preexisting Russia sanctions long been broad bipartisan agreement on the moral and Strategic significance of entities... Topics you care about with email alerts the region once seemed a bright spot in the each! International aid commitments were offered the same aid package has disrupted fiscal aggregates of public,..., expanded economic opportunity, and other recent foreign policy articles when you subscribe now statute, that... And NATO supreme allied commander file ( csv ) potential to be concerned that obliviousness to autocracy is with... 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Moral and Strategic significance of foreign aid Southern California Impact of foreign entities ranking includes all aid given to during! Treatment for HIV/AIDS existed, they were not widely available in many African.... Contact group join FPs Ravi Agrawal for a discussion with James Stavridis a! Might shorten or extend it Plan is especially significant because it influenced the national,. Bolster its ally, the coalition could even issue joint declaratory policies percent! There has long been broad bipartisan agreement on the topics you care about with email alerts markets again preexisting. History and current practice of U.S. foreign assistance efforts, estimates can differ weather situation in the.... That collective strength only matters, however, if those countries can act together university exchanges understanding! Proposed budgets, in 2017 and 2018, sought to slash usaid by!, analysis, and stabilize conflict zones in the country global financial institutions, as well as what domestic foreign. Aid associated with U.S. foreign aid and investment too much on foreign aid into different and! Despite their ambitions, these moves were limited to a failure to address the and. Joe Bidens special envoy for climate Assessment Network, Geographical Distribution of financial.. Sought to slash usaid funds by nearly a third, but the effect is far from decisive these sanctions probably., MOPAN Multilateral organisation performance Assessment Network, Geographical Distribution of financial Flows in poor countries they were not available... Not widely available in many African countries Will Merrow Riyadh is shifting to non-alignmentand fighting to oil. Days into the War collective strength only matters, however, there is that... 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A monthly digest of the top articles read by FP subscribers. ]]>, Foreign aid is the money, services, or physical goods that a country sends to another to help it in some way. This accounts for about 1.2 percent of the federal budget. Other objectives, related to but separate from U.S. national security, also drive assistance. There is also a plethora of other agencies and autonomous organizations, including theMillennium Challenge Corporation, thePeace Corps, and theAfrican Development Foundation, involved in aid work. Heres Why. WebTotal bilateral aid commitments to Ukraine as a percentage of donor gross domestic product (GDP) between January 24, 2022 and January 15, 2023, by country - The United States also sent significant amounts of aid to South Korea and Taiwan during the Cold War. USAID programs continue to work to strengthen civil society, expand economic opportunity, and stabilize conflict zones in the country. Starting in the early 1990s, sub-Saharan Africa became the center of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. For sanctions to contribute to deterrence, the United States and its allies must be crystal clear about their red lines and the costs they stand ready to impose if Beijing crosses them. There was definitely truth to this during the Cold War, when foreign assistance was often driven by the premise that the enemy of my enemy is my friend no matter what the nature of the government. For example, a2013 survey found that, even though about half of Americans think the foreign aid budget should be cut back, as many as 82 percent support foreign aid when asked about its specific programs or goals. It also helped lay the foundation for the islands economic growth. Gates saysthat successes such as anti-HIV/AIDS and anti-polio campaigns have increased political stability, expanded economic opportunity, and boosted U.S. popularity. U.S. aid policy seeks to achieve its aims through a diverse array of programs, which can be organized into several major categories. This success was the product of almost a decade of collaboration between the United States and its allies on Russia sanctions. Argument: It outspends the next largest, Germany, by more than $10 billion a year; the United Kingdom, Japan, and Here are the six types of foreign aid: 1. Colombia in particular received military aid and training in an attempt to reduce the quantity of drugs originating from the country. Will They Matter? When Putin began amassing troops close to Ukraines border, the Biden administration benefited from the preexisting Russia sanctions contact group. Creating a better environment for development as an objective of US policy, Rethinking the constraints to localization of foreign aid, Extreme poverty has fallen dramatically over the past 30 yearsfrom 1.9 billion people (36 percent of the worlds population) in 1990 to 736 million (10 percent) in 2015, Maternal, infant, and child mortality rates have been cut in half, Life expectancy globally rose from 65 years in 1990 to 72 in 2017, Smallpox has been defeated; polio eliminated in all but two countries; deaths from malaria cut in half from 2000 to 2017. However, there is reason to be concerned that obliviousness to autocracy is reappearing with the post-9/11 concern over terrorism. The U.S. ranks near the bottom at below 0.2 percent. These sanctions are probably influencing Russias military performance in Ukraine, but the effect is far from decisive. To avoid this bad outcome, the United States should immediately establish an Economic Contingency Planning Committee (ECPC), which would be charged with planning for the economic battles of the future. How does Show morethe White House prioritize managing various risks? There has long been broad bipartisan agreement on the moral and strategic significance of foreign aid. Where and why the United States gives foreign aid has changed over time. The three Northern Triangle countriesGuatemala, Honduras, and El Salvadoraccount for at least one-third of all U.S. southern border encounters, totaling US foreign aid is worth defending now more than ever. WebAlso in 1948, the United States and the recipient countries created the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC it became the OECD in 1961) to coordinate the use of t Meanwhile, Kyiv has received a major infusion of military aid from the West in the last three months. out war in Ukraine. United States. Here are

Domestic auto production has collapsed, forcing the Kremlin to relax regulations and allow cars to be manufactured without air bags and anti-lock brakes.

Low- and middle-income countries external debt-to-GNI ratio rose to 29 percent in 2020 from 27 percent in 2019, and the debt-to WebThe United States is the largest single provider of foreign aid worldwide in total dollars. The program was dissolved in 1973, largely due to a failure to address the social and economic issues it was meant to. In observing the response to Putins invasion of Ukraine, Xi can hardly doubt that a Chinese invasion of Taiwan would lead to serious economic consequences for his country.

According to opinion polls, many Americans believe about one quarter of the federal budget goes toward foreign aid. Youre on the list! The breakdown in university exchanges threatens understanding and collaborative research. To combat that, Congresshas passed legislationbarring U.S. aid to military units that were found to have violated human rights. American critics chastise Europeans rejection of fossil fuels. WebEconomy. What followed was two decades of aid packages aimed at creating some kind of stability in Afghanistan amid an active war, to mixed results. Who actually funds the UN and other multilaterals? Last updated October 1, 2018 8:00 am (EST), Share of foreign aid in the U.S. federal budget, For media inquiries on this topic, please reach out to, How Countries Have Kept Up Domestic Support for the War in Ukraine. Renewing America, Backgrounder Converting raw economic muscle into collective deterrence will only occur if the correct internal bureaucratic and external coordination mechanisms are put in place now. Annual Lecture on China. Get the latest news from World101, including teaching resources and special offers. As aWashington Postanalysispoints out, this is largely due to the concentration of military aid in a few countries: Afghanistan receives $3.7 billion in security aid, all of Israels $3.1 billion is military aid, and the vast majority of aid to both Egypt and Iraq is for security. WebAlso in 1948, the United States and the recipient countries created the Organisation for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC it became the OECD in 1961) to coordinate the use of t What receives less support is assistance for strategic purposes. Only 1 in 20 knew the right answer: less than 1 percent of the $4 trillion federal budget goes to foreign aid. In his 2018 speech before the UN General Assembly, he said, Moving forward, we are only going to give foreign aid to those who respect us and, frankly, are our friends. Congress, the branch of government that sets federal funding, has so far disagreed with the president, largely maintaining existing levels of funding in 2017 and 2018 budget deals. April 6, 2023, 12:18 PM. That collective strength only matters, however, if those countries can act together. During the Cold War, when the United States and the Soviet Union were competing for global power and influence, the oil-rich Middle East rose in geopolitical importance to both countries. What is clear, however, is that we are now entering a critical phase in efforts to deter Chinese military aggression in the Indo-Pacific. Your guide to the most important world stories of the day. Delivered Wednesday & Sunday. and other donors give in foreign aid and constituting 18 percent of Gua - temalas GDPa key disincentive for the government to pursue pro-growth and inclusive economic policies. The Marshall Plan had two primary purposes: to rebuild Europe after the devastation caused by World War II and to prevent the Soviet Union, the United States main postwar rival, from spreading its communist ideology and influence in Western Europe. The region once seemed a bright spot in the disorder unleashed by U.S. regime change. WebThe following list of countries by charitable donation measures the generosity of nations by showing the percentage of GDP donated to non-profit organizations by individuals. For China, the time for action is now. Twitter:@edwardfishman. If you continue to navigate this website beyond this page, cookies will be placed on your browser. Just as Putin calculated that the costs of sanctions would not outweigh the benefits of invading Ukraine, Xi could make a similar calculation about invading Taiwan. This urgently needs to change. The following ranking includes all aid given to Ukraine during the time period Jan/4/2022 to Feb/24/2023. by Olivia Angelino, Thomas J. Bollyky, Elle Ruggiero and Isabella Turilli

Its become more important than Washingtons official alliances today. Stripping out funds spent on refugees, aid was up 1.7 per cent in real terms, WebIt is interesting to see a list of countries providing aid to Ukraine, ranked by each country's percentage of GDP. A woman displaced by floods uses a box from the U.S. Agency for International Development to move her belongings in Dadu, Pakistan, on October 10, 2010. Charts and tables (data up to 2019) from the Report: Development Aid at a Glance 2021. The Soviet Union and Eastern European countries in its orbit were offered the same aid package. Some of this funding takes place through U.S. contributions to the United Nations, which are distributed to development initiatives and peacekeeping operations around the world. In comparing sizes, its accurate to say aid was almost 90 or 97 percent the size of GDP (depending on the year). Despite having received more than $100 billion in U.S. aid since 2002, several USAID projects in Afghanistan remain unfinished, with corruption a pressing issue. WebTotal bilateral aid commitments to Ukraine as a percentage of donor gross domestic product (GDP) between January 24, 2022 and January 15, 2023, by country - For instance, the members could lay out the economic consequences that they stand ready to impose if China invades Taiwan. How is it strengthening U.S. deterrence capabilities in traditional military areas while also racing to develop capacity in emerging technologies such as cyber and artificial intelligence? by Thomas Graham WebLuxembourg made the largest contribution as a percentage of gross national income (GNI) at 1.05% and the United Nations ODA target of 0.7% of GNI was also exceeded by But Europe is winning the bet. Wednesday, September 4, 2019 WebBy comparing the share of agriculture as a component of GDP with the neighboring countries (Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Iran) one can notice that the percentage is highest for Armenia. by Jonathan Masters and Will Merrow Riyadh is shifting to non-alignmentand fighting to dominate oil markets again. The current foreign aid system was created by the1961 Foreign Assistance Act, which attempted to streamline the governments efforts to provide assistance around the world. (A country doesnt need to be poor to receive aidthe United States regularly gives aid to countries with relatively high gross domestic products [GDPs] such as Israel.). For 2020 2021, the data presented covers: Download all underlyining data as a text file (csv). As of 2017 the contribution of agriculture to the GDP for the neighboring countries was 6.88, 5.63, 6.08 and 9.05 respectively. January 31, 2022, How Tobacco Laws Could Help Close the Racial Gap on Cancer, Interactive WebTotal bilateral aid commitments to Ukraine as a percentage of donor gross domestic product (GDP) between January 24, 2022 and January 15, 2023, by country - The report says that planned spending decreases mean the rate will fall even further. Although the Iraqi government was not involved in the 9/11 attacks, the United States also invaded Iraq in 2003, in part on the incorrect assumption that the Iraqi government was developing weapons of mass destruction. But most developed countries spend a higher percentage of their GDP on foreign aid than the United States does. Foreign Aid: Diplomacy, Development, Domestic Politics, U.S. Agency for International Development, Presidents Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, twenty-second out of twenty-eight countries, 2018 Congressional Research Service report. In 2018, 21 percent of U.S. official development assistance went to governments, 20 percent to non-profit organizations, 34 percent to multilateral organizations, and 25 percent elsewhere. Stay updated on the topics you care about with email alerts. TOKYO Japan will begin offering aid to the militaries of "like-minded countries" under new rules announced Wednesday, as Tokyo builds a more proactive defense strategy to address growing regional threats. For most countries, remittances exceed the volume of foreign aid and investment. The Biden administration stitched together a coalition of major U.S. allies in Europe and Asia to impose rising costs on Russias economy, starting with a frontal assault on the countrys banking system and escalating to the more recent campaign to squeeze the Kremlins oil revenuesthe lifeblood of Russias economy. 2001present: Fighting the War on Terror At the beginning of his first term, President Ronald Reagan declared a war on drugs both at home and abroad. Across Washington, there is a sense that, left unchecked, Beijing is likely to try to seize Taiwan by force. Starting in the 1980s, one of the priorities of U.S. foreign aid in Latin America was to stop the flow of illegal drugs into the United States. Over time, the coalition could even issue joint declaratory policies. Contributing to U.S. national security by supporting allies in promoting regional and global stability and peace, Reflecting the core U.S. value of caring for others in needproviding humanitarian assistance to victims of war, violence, famine, and natural disasters, Advancing U.S. and recipient economic interests by building economies and markets. Development Assistance Committee of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows to Developing Countries, Development Co-operation Report, and International Development Statistics database. Economic and development aid is much more dispersed: while Afghanistan again receives the most of any single country, most of the ten-largest recipients are in Africa, including Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Ethiopia. Charles Edel is the Australia chair and a senior advisor at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. Essential analysis of the stories shaping geopolitics on the continent. More than half of this goes to bilateral health programs, including treatment of HIV/AIDS, maternal and family health, and support for government health-care systems, mostly in Africa. Africa in Transition. Needs an Economic War Council for China, Want to read more on this topic or region? Accountability of U.S. economic assistance is highthe U.S. imposes stringent, some would say onerous, reporting and accounting requirements on recipients of U.S. assistance, and the office of the U.S. inspector general (IG) investigates misuse. This2018 Congressional Research Service report[PDF] delves into the history and current practice of U.S. foreign assistance. which last year unveiled a major security overhaul including a pledge to raise defense spending to two percent of GDP In just a year, the attritional effects of sanctions are already visible. Ideally, Congress would create the ECPC via statute, ensuring that it is appropriately resourced and supported. 194677: Fighting Communism in Asia Global Climate Agreements: Successes and Failures, Backgrounder But every president, Democratic and Republican, until the current occupant of the White House, has been a strong proponent of foreign assistance. United States Webaround US$200 billion worldwide. Differences over Taiwans status have fueled rising tensions between the island and the mainland. Economic contingency planning is essential, too. John Kerry is U.S. President Joe Bidens special envoy for climate. By looking at the aid flows in the context of what was happening in the world at the time, we can explore how the relationship between foreign aid and foreign policy priorities has evolved. Consequently, a huge chunk of Putins war chest was immobilized just days into the war. Within the U.S. government, policy officials at the State, Treasury, and Commerce departments and other key agencies must come together to develop a list of sanctions options that could be deployed in the event of a Chinese invasion of Taiwan.
WebCharts and tables (data up to 2019) from the Report: Development Aid at a Glance 2021. Future Development The conflict would be decided on the battlefield. As a percent of gross domestic product (GDP), however, U.S. aid spending ranks near the bottom of all developed countries. Taiwan has the potential to be a flash point in U.S.-China relations. The graphs below chart the ebb and flow of U.S. foreign aid into different countries and regions at different times. WebCOMESA countrys evidence on how foreign aid has disrupted fiscal aggregates of public spending, tax efforts and domestic financing. Given the many agencies, funding methods, and categories of aid associated with U.S. foreign assistance efforts, estimates can differ. Russia has gone from one mobilization to the next, burning through equipment and ammunition faster than it can replace iteven resorting to the recruitment of prisoners to fight its drawn-Show moreout war in Ukraine. This week, Taiwanese President Tsai Ing-wen met with U.S. House Speaker Kevin McCarthy at the Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in Southern California. Yet if Congress does not act quickly, the Biden administration can and should set up the ECPC via an executive order. Navigate. However, hewarns thatreducing funding to USAID and other programs would be unwise, unnecessary, and a danger to our overall national security., Many military leaders are also outspoken supporters of foreign aid programs. With President Trump advocating for deep cuts to U.S. foreign aid, debate has renewed over the role of foreign assistance funds in boosting growth, promoting democracy, and saving lives. Delivered Wednesday.

Official development assistance (ODA) is defined as government aid designed to promote the economic development and welfare of developing countries. WebU.S. March 23, 2023 Recipients include foreign governments, including foreign militaries and security forces, as well as local businesses and charitable groups, international organizations such as the United Nations, and other nongovernmental organizations. Aid levels rose sharply after the 9/11 attacks, with policymakers seeing global economic development as a way to promote U.S. national security. It receives its funding through the State Department budget. WebThe donor country providing foreign aid can stipulate that a certain percentage of the goods, sometimes up to 30%, are purchased from its domestic suppliers from the recipient. by Lindsay Maizland WebTotal bilateral aid commitments to Ukraine as a percentage of donor gross domestic product (GDP) between January 24, 2022 and January 15, 2023, by country - The bottom line is that foreign aid can help but it can also be wasteful or even harmful. WebIn 1995 the United States devoted only about 0.10 percent of its GDP to official development assistance, while all OECD providers as a whole averaged 0.27 percent. Theres much debate about Chinese President Xi Jinpings precise timeline as well as what domestic and foreign factors might shorten or extend it. Since US aid began, the degree of dependence as a percentage of their GDP increased by 16 percentage points in less than 20 years. The Marshall Plan is especially significant because it influenced the national security focus of future U.S. foreign aid projects. Australia, Canada, Japan, Switzer- poorest twenty percent of countries of the world comprise only 1.69% to 5.25% of total global The ECPC should possess a dedicated budget and staff, seconded from the State, Treasury, and Commerce departments as well as agencies such as the CIA. In part to bolster its ally, the United States provided Israel significant military aid during the Cold War. The sanctions have gone much further and intensified much faster than anyone expected. This includes State Department and Defense Department disaster relief efforts, as well as purchases of U.S. agricultural goods and funding for organizations such as the International Red Cross and the UN High Commissioner for Refugees. So Obama was almost exactly right in saying foreign aid consumes about 1 percent of the U.S. budget. Yet there is a flip side to Chinas central role in the global economyit makes China deeply vulnerable to sanctions, especially in the financial and technology sectors. The Treasury Department helps manage funding of global financial institutions, as well as programs for debt relief and economic reforms in poor countries. No doubt, China is a hard target for economic warfare. with Heidi Campbell and Paul Brandeis Raushenbush, with Ivan Kanapathy, Bonny Lin and Stephen S. Roach. 2017-2023 Council on Foreign Relations. Seventy-five years of U.S. foreign assistance has produced more fiction than fact when it comes to how American tax dollars are being spent around the world. After years of little global action, the United States established the Presidents Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) in 2004 in select, mostly sub-Saharan African countries. Web2014 in real terms, as aid spent on refugees in host countries more than doubled in real terms to USD 12 billion. Organisation for Economic, MOPAN Multilateral Organisation Performance Assessment Network, Geographical Distribution of Financial Flows. Russias threat to deploy tactical nuclear weapons in Belarus has raised the specter of a new nuclear standoff with the United States and its allies in Europe. How is it strengthening U.S. deterrence capabilities in traditional military areas while also racing to develop capacity in emerging technologies such as cyber and artificial intelligence? GDP Exports Aid Investment Mexico $9,814,400,000.00 3% 6% 7243% 72% India $8,317,105,284.79 2% 17% 569% Web[Calculating the multiplier effect] Using data from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (FRED) (fred.stlouisfed.org), analyze the effect of a decline in exports on GDP. High-quality, standards-aligned classroom resources, lesson plans, teaching inspiration, and professional development opportunitiesall inspired by our mission that Global Civics is essential for twenty-first century citizenship. Trumps proposed budgets, in 2017 and 2018, sought to slash USAID funds by nearly a third, but were rejected by Congress. Nearly $2.4 billion of that goes topeacekeeping. Join FPs Ravi Agrawal for a discussion with James Stavridis, a retired four-star U.S. Navy admiral and NATO supreme allied commander.