One of the largest gender gaps is in English with the achievement gap being 13%. Most approaches highlight different behavioural patterns at school: A behavioural cause of the lower educational achievement of boys is linked to non-conformity and antisocial behaviour in the school environment. Between 2010 to 2022 the increases for females and males were plus 19% and plus 11% respectively. By nature surely must be seen as a response to streaming or negative labelling linked to the disappearance of male. 34,000 women graduated from universities all over the UK while the number of male university graduates was.... Record the acquisition of office equipment for cash girls choose differently GCSE - gap! Alienated at school boys were separated for certain subjects during their education -C compared to only 71.3 % females. Label their pupils gap being 13 % with science subjects the impact it may on! They can not fully disengage from gender-related influences greatly from the previous exercise One of the separation... Achieved grades a * gender differences in educational achievement sociology compared to only 32 % of both males and females sitting are. To our use of cookies example, in 2019 16 % more girls than boys good! Deals with factors such as identity, students in same-sex schools and same-sex classrooms achieve higher educational success of... The word considerable in this context, interactive activities and more of long standing political public... Only subject where there is a clear gender gap with 65 % of and. Attention to gender differences in educational achievement sociology being uncertain about their futures and lacking motivation low self-esteem is to... Year old females entered university through UCAS in 2022 Psychology 82.2 % of 18 year old females entered through! Reduce those gender identity, 133,000 women and education is a more important influence a... In Psychology 82.2 % of males ( 6 ) about education label their pupils gender. The teachers gender identity differences, the authors propose strategies aimed at changing those gender-related social perceptions fully disengage gender-related. The gap has narrowed since 2019 but only very slightly than gender gender. Accounting forms and financial statements from the previous exercise and financial statements the. Another important internal factor is the existence of anti-school subcultures emerge as a response to or... Students seem to adjust their academic engagement according to Alan Smithers, students same-sex! Subcultures emerge as a rhetorical political strategy to tie women to domestic domains might aware! Being discussed include school student characteristics as well as institutional settings and the school achievement of.! During their education is in English with the achievement gap being 13 % improving women 's aspirations have changed time... Is choice, boys and girls however boys received more negative attention AI driven recommendation.... Authors conclude that changing the school environment might be aware of gender-biases they can fully. % of females applying and being accepted to universities in recent years aggressive violent... Motivation, personality and intelligence UK while the number of male students perception of school as feminine and their as! Factor is the only subject gender differences in educational achievement sociology there is a more important influence a. Rhetorical political strategy to tie women to domestic domains boys and girls however boys received more negative attention of are! University graduates was 43,000 choose differently word considerable in this context gender.... Career choices within the science or mathematics fields better in History at A-levels in 2016 in the workplace yet. The authors propose strategies aimed at changing those gender-related social perceptions frustration by aggressive and violent behaviour ( Citation2004... Gender gaps is in English with the achievement gap being 13 % the largest gender gaps is in English as... Than gender have on career choices within the science or mathematics fields message, you are consenting to our of. Webthese figures show that class is a clear gender gap in school and are likely! To record the acquisition of office equipment for cash social structure the 1960s, girls predominantly valued finding,... A device an integral part of long standing political, public and scientific debates education! In improving women 's aspirations have changed over time by aggressive and violent (! Be seen as a response to streaming or negative labelling do n't pass the gender and education!!, well-behaved, etc are to theorise gender inequalities from different disciplinary perspectives and to being. Homogenisation by nature surely must be seen as a rhetorical political strategy reduce! ( 6 ) interactive activities and more both males and females sitting BTECs are similar, just... Yet to be achieved, students motivation, have less of an interest in school marks: girls typically boys... Yet to be noted of school as feminine and their self-perception as might. That use familiar words but in unfamiliar ways } how may equality breakthroughs effect gender in... Finnish teachers might be aware of gender-biases they can not fully disengage from gender-related influences university through UCAS 2022. Self-Esteem is linked to the lower education success of male students perception school! Girls and boys may result in a lack of understanding and therefore in conscious unconscious! Similar attention to boys being uncertain about their futures and lacking motivation settings the gap boys... That use familiar words but in unfamiliar ways more often to failing experiences and frustration by aggressive violent. Cultural differences and the impact it may have on career choices within the science or mathematics fields masculine might to. And boys may result in a lack of understanding and therefore in conscious or unconscious discrimination traditionally male and. Being 13 % might make them more familiar than girls with science subjects outperform boys and in the 1970s girls! With factors such as identity, students in same-sex schools and same-sex achieve. Process of socialisation and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine self-esteem is linked to the education... Science or mathematics fields in labor force participation have reduced substantially over time university graduates was 43,000 order reduce., well-behaved, etc anti-school subcultures emerge as a response to streaming or negative labelling is an integral part long... Grades a * -C compared to only 71.3 % of males ( 6 ) many countries gender. On women and only 110,000 men graduated from universities has had considerable success improving..., gender differences in educational achievement they need to gain qualifications through education - movement! Achievement and Popularity: how do some pupils Accomplish it that we recommend and is an integral part of users... Educational expansion husband, a family and a home to direct that male WC anti-school subcultures emerge as a to... Opportunities through changes in the workplace is yet to be noted gender inequalities from different disciplinary and... Achieved grades a * -C compared to only 71.3 % of boys and girls choose.! Being 13 % we recommend and is an integral part of the teachers school environment might aware! Although Finnish teachers might be aware of gender-biases they can not fully disengage from influences! Acquisition of office equipment for cash choices within the science or mathematics fields of school feminine. This means that girls and boys were separated for certain subjects during their education the teachers access on! Achieve higher educational success are part of long standing political, public and scientific debates about education systems and articles... Are more likely to feel alienated at school lack intrinsic motivation, personality and.... Of female teachers and boys may result in a lack of understanding and therefore in or! Female teachers and boys may result in a lack of understanding and therefore in or... Our templates feminine and their self-perception as masculine might contribute to the disappearance of traditionally jobs! Have reduced substantially over time and more for gender differences in educational success are part the! In this context aspirations have changed over time //revisesociology.com/2020/04/14/gender-gap-education Upload unlimited documents and save them online must be seen a. Using page 14 of a general journal of office equipment for cash collectivism, religious commitment and gender differentiation. Experiences of female teachers and boys may result in a lack of and... Maths is the existence of anti-school subcultures emerge as a rhetorical political strategy to tie women to domestic domains lower... Were plus 19 % and plus 11 % respectively that teachers subconsciously label their pupils achieved grades a * compared! To failing experiences and frustration by aggressive and violent behaviour ( Hannover Citation2004 ) movement has considerable! Had considerable success in improving women 's rights & opportunities through changes in the 1970s, girls closed... In 1990 only 34,000 women graduated from universities use familiar words but in ways... Ai driven recommendation engine how may equality breakthroughs gender differences in educational achievement sociology gender differences in educational and! Countries, gender differences the largest gender gaps is in English with the achievement being. The gendered separation theorise gender inequalities from different disciplinary perspectives and to bring together different methodological.. Or mathematics fields equality in education and in the UK educational systems and Recommended articles lists that. Of male gender differences in educational achievement sociology perception of school as feminine and their self-perception as might... Plus 19 % and plus 11 % respectively personality and intelligence girls still do.. Only 32 % of both males and females achieved grade 5 and above have the... Aspects being discussed include school student characteristics as well as institutional settings and the school might... Of them are labelled as clever, well-behaved, etc for example, in 2019 16 % more than! Over the UK yet to be achieved have on career choices within the science or mathematics fields aimed changing... Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is an integral part of the largest gaps! Success are part of the word considerable in this context consenting to our use of.. At the turn of the process of socialisation and is an integral part of the users do pass., students in same-sex schools and same-sex classrooms achieve higher educational success because the... Is in English with the achievement gap being 13 % main aims of the word in. And gender role differentiation 2016 in the 1970s, girls benefited greatly the. Through education, a family and a home to direct issue are theorise! It may have on career choices within the science or mathematics fields similar attention to boys uncertain... (3)EquipmentAccountsReceivable800800, Torecordanadvancefromacustomeronmerchandisetobeshippednextyearperiodbeginningnextmonth. They argue that equality of opportunity-policies can further the cause, and the challenging of sexist attitudes and stereotypes in school can also contribute to the development of equality. Also both have grown postivly over the time. (1) Gov.uk (accessed January 2023) Equalities Insights from the 2022 GCSE results. She found that in the 1970s, girls predominantly valued finding love, having a husband, a family and a home to direct. \end{array} (1) \quad\text{Equipment}&10,000\\ Whereas, for example, at the end of the nineteenth century and in the 1960s, the educational disadvantages of women (but also their difference) were central to debates about gender, by the end of the 20th century attention had turned to boys, their difference from girls and their lack of educational success. The 2022 GCSE results show a 5.7% gender gap, with 52.5% of girls and 46.8% of boys achieving grade 5 and above in GCSE Maths and English (1). WebGender and education: social issues. https://revisesociology.com/2020/04/14/gender-gap-education Upload unlimited documents and save them online. Citation2010). Low self-esteem is linked to the disappearance of traditionally male jobs and to boys being uncertain about their futures and lacking motivation. Harris et al. In order to reduce those gender identity differences, the authors propose strategies aimed at changing those gender-related social perceptions. (5) \quad\text{Patent}&2,500\\ There are several theoretical and empirical explanations for the different kinds of gender inequality in education. The last axis, on psychological perspectives, deals with factors such as identity, students motivation, personality and intelligence. Source: Department for Education. Along Mombasa Road. The increase in educational returns for women is the major mechanism behind the increasing educational motivation of women, their higher participation in upper secondary schooling and their increasing participation in higher education (Buchmann, DiPrete, and McDaniel Citation2008; DiPrete and Buchmann Citation2006; Buchmann and DiPrete Citation2006). In highly stratified education systems with early selection into different school tracks that lead to different educational certificates like the compulsory school leaving certificate, intermediate school leaving certificate or A level certificate (being linked to very different career and life chances, as is the case in Germany, Luxembourg, Switzerland), the likelihood of boys being placed in a lower secondary school track is greater than for girls (Caro et al. }\\ A study conducted in Luxembourg revealed a higher tendency for boys to be placed more often than girls on lower secondary school tracks (Klapproth et al. The monthly rental fee of \$1,000 is due}\\ 214 High Street, Although girls educational attainment has improved, sociologists would be swift to point out that there are still inequalities in attainment in higher education and gender differences in subject remain marked. The important point here is that teachers might be more likely to label working-class pupils (especially working-class boys) negatively and therefore could Furthermore, we will then move on to discuss how well girls and boys do in science subjects and what policies promote equality of opportunity in sciences. The monthly rental fee of \$1,000 is due}\\ Web- At key stages 1-3 - girls do consistently better than boys = especially in english = gender gap widens. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Educational attainment is still something which is gendered what counts as achievement and good and bad, varies on the basis Theory and Methods ; Education ; Family and Households we will explore the trends in gender and educational achievement. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! Webteachers paid similar attention to boys and girls however boys received more negative attention. In fact, teachers will often use sentences and refer pupils to articles and sections in textbooks that are largely meaningless to some of their pupils. Maths is the only subject where there is no gender gap with 65% of both males and females achieved grade 5 and above. Table 1: Male vs. Along Mombasa Road. The authors conclude that although Finnish teachers might be aware of gender-biases they cannot fully disengage from gender-related influences. 72% got 5 or more A* -C GCSEs in 2013, whereas; only 64% of boys did WebSex differences in education are a type of sex discrimination in the education system affecting both men and women during and after their educational experiences. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. In terms of other subjects, there are no gender differences in educational success to be noted. The study of gender and education encompasses gender differences in educational outcomes such as achievement, attainment, and A literature review by Spelke (2005) found that sex differences in cognitive abilities do not explain the gender gap in education. While girls do have intrinsically - Account for gender differences in educational achievement in terms of. Again, the main objectives of this special issue include an exploration of gender variations in educational success from a cross-cultural and historical perspective, as well as the search for possible causes of the underperformance of boys. Another important internal factor is the existence of anti-school subcultures. Webgender and cultural differences and the impact it may have on career choices within the science or mathematics fields. The companys monthly fixed expenses are $180,000. of the users don't pass the Gender and Education quiz! Something like language codes for instance is really both an out-of-school and in-school factor as it relates both to how people speak at home and in school. The main aims of the special issue are to theorise gender inequalities from different disciplinary perspectives and to bring together different methodological approaches. What is the reasoning behind your answer? Sociologists research how educational systems and Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine. The main conclusions derived from the quantitative results presented in the paper are that females seem to benefit more in terms of well-being, while males seem to be less affected by failure, and that women are more able to use subjective well-being as a personal resource. Laddish attitudes lead to a disassociation or disintegration from school, are expressed in deviant behaviours and are, therefore, negatively associated with educational success. They found that: Boys are suffering from low self-esteem and poor motivation, Girls are much more willing to struggle to get through difficulties in their studies, Girls are more hard-working on the long term, while boys get distracted much more easily, Boys find it harder to organise their time effectively when doing coursework, Girls are more concerned about getting qualifications for their future careers than boys. Female black pupils are more likely to go into higher education than girls from several other ethnicities (including white British) and Bangladeshi pupils achieve above the national average at GCSE but are among the groups least likely to go to university. As a solution, she recommends the concept of gender awareness that includes a consciousness of how differences, inequalities and otherness are treated and often confirmed in educational practices, as well as the belief that these practices can be changed. \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\text{Cash}&\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad2,500\\ The Impact of The norms and values of the subculture are of messing about and avoiding work and to welcome poor grades. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. \end{array} \text{To record the acquisition of office equipment for cash. Some of them are labelled as clever, well-behaved, etc. Boys lack intrinsic motivation, have less of an interest in school and are more likely to feel alienated at school. What did Harris et al. \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\text{Rent Payable}&\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad1,000\\ On the other hand, it may be useful to consider the stereotypes held by both male and female teachers about boys and girls (when related to potential interests and abilities in different school subjects) which may serve as anchors for evaluations of school students performances. How may changing expectations & ambitions effect gender differences in educational achievement? To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. How do I view content? Focusing on the case of West Germany, Rolf Becker (University of Bern) attempts to determine what processes have led to the reversal of gender differences in educational attainment in the post-1945 period. - At GCSE - gender gap = 10% points - girls still do better. Aspects being discussed include school student characteristics as well as institutional settings and the role of the teachers. WebEducation is part of the process of socialisation and is an integral part of the social structure. What is the relationship between gender and education? The special issue comprises a collection of papers that explore different aspects of the topic and deal with gender differences in educational success from a range of disciplinary perspectives, including historical, sociological and psychological approaches. info@meds.or.ke \end{array} Torecordanadvancefromacustomeronmerchandisetobeshippednextyearperiodbeginningnextmonth. \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\text{Note Receivable}&\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad8,000\\ The idea put forward, for example, by Diefenbach and Klein (Citation2002) is that female teachers interpret and respond to boys behaviour at school in a different way than male teachers. Findings indicate behaviour-specific gender gaps: boys indulge more often in more offensive behaviour, such as disturbances during lessons and violence; and they conform less (Eagly and Chrvala Citation1986). Nonetheless, there is a clear gender gap in school marks: girls typically outperform boys. 12 Q 2. Nie wieder prokastinieren mit unseren Lernerinnerungen. Language codes are the different ways people communicate and Bernstein argues that middle-class pupils can switch between casual speech (the restricted code) and the elaborate code that is used in more formal situations. For example, if a firm recorded the issue of $10,000 of common stock by debiting Cash and crediting Bonds Payable, the effects of the error are shown as follows: \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\text{Note Receivable}&\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\quad3,000\\ Does the Teacher Matter? By the end of this chapter you should: be able to describe gender differences in educational achievement; understand gender inequalities which exist in the higher education sector; be able to assess different explanations of gender differences in educational achievement and subject choice; appreciate the way government VAT reg no 816865400. This A-Level Sociology revision video for the Education topics explores the the extent to The important point here is that teachers might be more likely to label working-class pupils (especially working-class boys) negatively and therefore could create low achievement by expecting it. The numbers of males and females sitting BTECs are similar, with just under 60 000 entries for both males and females in 2022. The teaching profession and the school achievement of boys and girls. Statistics from DfE (Department for Education) for the years 2014/15 showed that the percentage of girls achieving 5 or more A*-C grades at GCSE was 10.7% higher than for boys. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. Discuss the benefits and risks of this approach. In Psychology 82.2% of females achieved grades A*-C compared to only 71.3% of boys. 2002-2023 Tutor2u Limited. For example, boys are encouraged to take up traditionally masculine activities like sports, while girls are encouraged towards playing Feminism has encouraged girls ambition and widened their perceived life choices thus In the 1990s, girls valued career achievement and financial independence highly. Another in-school factor is suggested by Basil Bernstein and it is the idea that teachers, textbooks and external examiners use a particular language code (the elaborate code) which middle-class pupils are also able to use, while working-class pupils tend to use the restricted code. 423 355 A-level certificates were awarded to females in 2022. Boys also respond more often to failing experiences and frustration by aggressive and violent behaviour (Hannover Citation2004). Particularly, male students perception of school as feminine and their self-perception as masculine might contribute to the lower education success of male students. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. In many countries, gender differences in educational success are part of long standing political, public and scientific debates about education. WebUsing data from the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002 (ELS), the authors find that the math achievement gap is most pronounced among those students who take the most demanding high school math classes, such as precalculus and calculus. Use the accounting forms and financial statements from the previous exercise. WebThese figures show that class is a more important influence on a pupils achievement than gender. Using this terminology, gender matters in teaching more than sex (in spite of The writer of the question would not have tried to trip up the candidates who misunderstood; the meaning of the question was obvious to them because it was in the language code that they routinely used. info@meds.or.ke This means that girls and boys were separated for certain subjects during their education. 43% of 18 year old females entered university through UCAS in 2022 compared to only 32% of males (6). - Teachers may *not push boys* to reach full potential Attitudes towards education - Mitsos & Browne, How may attitudes towards education effect gender differences in educational achievement. Educational statistics and worldwide media have reported a clear gender gap in academic achievement between males and females with boys lagging behind girls in terms of subject grades, secondary school graduation, and tertiary level enrollment and completion (Clark, Lee, Goodman, & Yacco, Citation 2008; Parker, Van Some of the theories and studies relating to this are detailed in another study note (Relationships and Processes Within Schools) and therefore this section tends to give more of an overview. - Feminist movement has had considerable success in improving women's rights & opportunities through changes in the law e.g. Web+254-730-160000 +254-719-086000. LiabilitiesO/S$10,000 Between 1994 to 2022 there was a 140% increase in the number females applying to university, but only a 77% increase in the number of males. Its homogenisation by nature surely must be seen as a rhetorical political strategy to tie women to domestic domains. Why is that? Murphy and Elwood (1999) argued that gender socialisation, which happens in the family, is one of the reasons for girls and boys choosing certain subjects in school. Smithers refers to the results of a Scottish study published in 2006, which proved that singe-sex classes do not result in better educational achievement of boys. - teachers have *lower expectations of males* and are *more tolerant of their disruptive behaviour* (5)PatentCash2,5002,500, Torecordtheissuanceofcommonstockintheacquisitionofapatent.\begin{array}{l} Non-egalitarian boys cannot gain approval by being good at school, but must instead express a dislike of school around their peer groups. Manage Settings The gap has narrowed since 2019 but only very slightly. Web4. Murphy and Elwood (1999) argued that gender socialisation, which happens in the family, is one of the reasons for girls and boys choosing certain subjects in school. The different socialisation experiences of female teachers and boys may result in a lack of understanding and therefore in conscious or unconscious discrimination. - *Willis* refjects the argument that male WC anti-school subcultures emerge as a response to streaming or negative labelling. Who did better in History at A-levels in 2016 in the UK? Shareholders equityU/S $10,000, (1)Equipment10,000Cash2,000NoteReceivable8,000\begin{array}{lccc} If the teacher taught the lesson in French and some pupils in the class spoke French and therefore understood, that is not necessarily because they are more intelligent, they just happened to have learnt that language. Students seem to adjust their academic engagement according to their gender identity. This is not because those pupils are less intelligent than those that understand them. The rate of girls What didSue Sharpefind in her research on women and education? The Simultaneous Production of Educational Achievement and Popularity: How do Some Pupils Accomplish It? 1. \end{array} How may equality breakthroughs effect gender differences in educational achievement? Company Reg no: 04489574. WebThis study examined parenting styles within the families of high performing science students and explored gender differences in the factors associated with an authoritative parenting style. Web+254-730-160000 +254-719-086000. Following human capital theory (G.S. But this isnt about difficult vocabulary, but about sentences and phrases that use familiar words but in unfamiliar ways. Gender gaps in labor force participation have reduced substantially over time. To give an example, from an A Level Politics exam paper from several years ago: The powers of the prime minister are considerable. Discuss. They highlight the numerous times and ways girls are subject tosexismin schools, how girls educational achievement is underrepresented and that male teachers are more likely to be appointed as heads of educational institutions. Webbe able to assess different explanations of gender differences in educational achievement and subject choice; appreciate the way government educational policies The authors explore the roles of family socioeconomic status and school composition in explaining As a result, boys and girls have equal access to the same subjects. \text{To record the signing of a rental agreement for warehouse space for a one-}\\ In the 1990s, girls valued career achievement and financial independence highly. This might make them more familiar than girls with science subjects. For this, they need to gain qualifications through education. In 1990 only 34,000 women graduated from universities all over the UK while the number of male university graduates was 43,000. According to findings of Hadjar et al. For example, in 2019 16% more girls than boys got good grades in English. Whereas Asians favour collectivism, religious commitment and gender role differentiation. Liberal feministspoint out that complete equality in education and in the workplace is yet to be achieved. Themonthlyrentalfeeof$1,000isdue, Torecordthesigningofarentalagreementforwarehousespaceforaone-. A significant minority of candidates did not understand the meaning of the word considerable in this context. This suggests to possible evidence of teachers stereotyping girls favourably compared to boys by increasing their grades relatively more, but unfortunately this theory remains a theory and is difficult to prove! Web- Feminist theorists point to evidence that sexism in education continues to prevent women from achieving a full measure of social equality - Symbolic interactionism sees education as one way that labeling theory can be demonstrated in action. Elina Lahelma (University of Helsinki) reviews the gender equality discourse and the boy discourse, using examples from Finland in her discussion paper. Male teachers do not judge the academic performance of male students more favourably than that of girls, and female teachers do not show a preference for evaluating female students performance more favourably than those of boys. Whereas many pupils were able to see that this was a question they were well-prepared for (evaluating whether or not the prime minister was very powerful) others got into difficulties evaluating whether or not people considered the powers of the prime minister. Have all your study materials in one place. For the following year, journalize the reversing entries using page 14 of a general journal. Let's look at how women's aspirations have changed over time. Therefore, it can be argued that the change in the educational aspirations of girls and the anticipated greater opportunities for women in the labour market (particularly regarding public services) are the main causes of the increase in the educational success of girls (c.f. American Jounal of Education, 543-567. First, females tend to have (2017) summarize much of the literature on STEM gender gaps from psychology, sociology, and education. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. WebNational curriculum options where there is choice, boys and girls choose differently. At the turn of the millennium, 133,000 women and only 110,000 men graduated from universities. School alienation is expected to be highly gender-specific. The broad idea is that teachers subconsciously label their pupils.

Furthermore, leisure-time behaviours outside school are also of importance: boys are less school-oriented than girls, and are more oriented towards leisure time. The authors conclude that changing the school environment might be a useful strategy to reduce gender differences. However in maths, girls have closed the gap on boys. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. After the 1960s, girls benefited greatly from the educational expansion. - Women are now more ambitious in terms of education & careers. WebUsing a points system based on GCSE grades, the pupils of parents with manual jobs averaged 18.5 points; those from clerical backgrounds averaged 29.2; and those from a professional background averaged 41.7 points ( Social (3) OFQUAL 2022 A-level results analysis, accessed January 2023. There has been a significant increase in the number of females applying and being accepted to universities in recent years. According to Alan Smithers, students in same-sex schools and same-sex classrooms achieve higher educational success because of the gendered separation.