[246], London Underground is authorised to operate trains by the Office of Rail Regulation. Browse the list of London Tube stations below to find out more about famous and lesser-known London Tube stops, how to access them, what London Underground lines they serve and more. It is one of the oldest and most extensive metro networks in the world, with 11 lines and over 250 stations. [133] The line could be extended further on the Hayes National Rail line in future. WebThe London Underground, also known as the Tube, is a public transportation system that serves the Greater London area. As at 19 March 2013[update] there had been 310days since the last major incident,[247] when a passenger had died after falling on the track. [80] Following the fire, substantial improvements to safety on the Tube were implemented - including the banning of smoking, removal of wooden escalators, installation of CCTV and fire detectors, as well as comprehensive radio coverage for the emergency services.

Therefore, the transportation and complex network literatures include extensive information about the Tube system. [177] The escalators had a diagonal shunt at the top landing. During March 2023, the Northern Line became the latest Tube line to see the arrival of Vodafone 5G at Archway and Tufnell Park stations, It is great that Vodafone customers are now able to benefit again from free WiFi at London Underground stations, which has been a massive benefit for those using the Tube for more than 10 years. The resulting fire cost the lives of 31 people and injured a further 100. WebExplore London's famous network of Tube stations and easily find your way around town with this handy guide to London Underground stops. The line runs 34 trains per hour for half an hour in the morning peak but is unable to operate more frequently because of a lack of additional trains. 41miles (66 km) long. The Central line is a London Underground line that runs through central London, from Epping, Essex, in the north-east to Ealing Broadway and West Ruislip in the west. In some places, the tunnels are above each other (for example, the Central line east of St Paul's station), or the running tunnels are on the right (for example on the Victoria line between Warren Street and King's Cross St. Pancras, to allow cross-platform interchange with the Northern line at Euston). Colour: purple or magenta. London Victoria services will be reduced over the Easter weekend due to line upgrades, with most Southern trains to be diverted to London Bridge. [34] These two ran electric trains in circular tunnels having diameters between 11feet 8inches (3.56m) and 12feet 2.5inches (3.72m),[35] whereas the Great Northern and City Railway, which opened in 1904, was built to take main line trains from Finsbury Park to a Moorgate terminus in the City and had 16-foot (4.9m) diameter tunnels. [185] Lift and escalators are abundant with advertising posters which can be used for artistic purposes due to the nature of their layout. [36], While steam locomotives were in use on the Underground there were contrasting health reports. District: Ealing Common, Lillie Bridge Depot, Upminster. 49 stations. This pressure difference drives ventilation between platforms and the surface exits through the passenger foot network. WebWhat is the least busiest Tube line in London? [125] Since the early 1960s all passenger trains have been electric multiple units with sliding doors[126] and a train last ran with a guard in 2000. The line is predicted to run 30 trains per hour, an increase of up to 50% on the current 21 trains per hour. The trains often break down, have to be withdrawn from service at short notice and at times are not available when required, leading to gaps in service at peak times. [298] Few new stations were built in the 50 years after 1948, but Misha Black was appointed design consultant for the 1960s Victoria line, contributing to the line's uniform look,[299] with each station having an individual tile motif. Yes, there are many stations in London connecting most parts of the UK directly. Piccadilly, 4.7m per mile. Save. The line will be the first to be upgraded as part of the New Tube for London Project, as passenger numbers have increased over recent years and are expected to increase further. [195] There are nine zones with zone 1 being the central zone, which includes the loop of the Circle line with a few stations to the south of River Thames. [325] Today, commissions range from the pocket tube map cover, to temporary art pieces, to large scale permanent installations in stations. [128] New trains are designed for maximum number of standing passengers and for speed of access to the cars and have regenerative braking and public address systems. Colour: purple or magenta. [222], The Underground runs a limited service on Christmas Eve with some lines closing early, and does not operate on Christmas Day. [257] A Central London Railway route diagram appears on a 1904 postcard and 1905 poster,[258] similar maps appearing in District Railway cars in 1908. [85][86], In the early 2000s, London Underground was reorganised in a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) as part of a project to upgrade and modernise the system. [62] They were not always a guarantee of safety however; on 11 January 1941 during the London Blitz, a bomb penetrated the booking hall of Bank Station, the blast from which killed 111 people, many of whom were sleeping in passage ways and on platforms. This will replace the existing fleet with new air-cooled articulated trains and a new signalling system to allow Automatic Train Operation. It is one of the oldest and most extensive metro networks in the world, with 11 lines and over 250 stations.

By Ben Lynch. 26. The line is predicted to run 3036 trains per hour, up to a 50% increase compared to the 2425 train per hour service provided today. Part closure. Access to most Tube stations is via staircases or escalators, but some London Underground stations have step-free access. [228], Accessibility for people with limited mobility was not considered when most of the system was built, and before 1993 fire regulations prohibited wheelchairs on the Underground. Which Tube line is most frequent? The London Underground first opened in 1863, running between Paddington (then known as Bishops Road) and Farringdon Street on what is now part of the Circle, Hammersmith and City and Metropolitan lines. London E20 1JN. Which Tube line is most frequent? [37], With the advent of electric Tube services (the Waterloo and City Railway and the Great Northern and City Railway), the Volks Electric Railway, in Brighton, and competition from electric trams, the pioneering Underground companies needed modernising. [61], During the war many tube stations were used as air-raid shelters.

[40], Yerkes soon had control of the District Railway and established the Underground Electric Railways Company of London (UERL) in 1902 to finance and operate three tube lines, the Baker Street and Waterloo Railway (Bakerloo), the Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway (Hampstead) and the Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway, (Piccadilly), which all opened between 1906 and 1907. [170] New air-conditioned trains have been introduced on the sub-surface lines, but was initially ruled out for the tube trains due to space being considered limited on tube trains for air-conditioning units and that these would heat the tunnels even more. For the album by Herbie Mann, see, "Tube station" redirects here. [280][281], In 2016, Tate Modern commissioned conceptual artist Michael Craig-Martin to "reimagine" the roundel, changing its colours for the first time since the sign was introduced. Access from platform to train at some stations can be assisted using a boarding ramp operated by staff, and a section has been raised on some platforms to reduce the step. [165] A 2000 study reported that air quality was seventy-three times worse than at street level, with a passenger inhaling the same mass of particulates during a twenty-minute journey on the Northern line as when smoking a cigarette. The District, needing to raise the finance necessary, found an investor in the American Charles Yerkes who favoured a DC system similar to that in use on the City & South London and Central London railways. [293] In the 1920s and 1930s, Charles Holden designed a series of modernist and art-deco stations some of which he described as his 'brick boxes with concrete lids'. London E20 1JN. Some stations are in two zones, and the cheapest fare applies. WebThe London Underground, also known as the Tube, is a public transportation system that serves the Greater London area. [137][138], In 2019, the Canary Wharf Group suggested the construction of a new rail line between Euston and Canary Wharf, to improve connections to the future High Speed 2 railway. [279] The 100th anniversary of the roundel was celebrated in 2008 by TfL commissioning 100 artists to produce works that celebrate the design. [106], London Underground's eleven lines total 402 kilometres (250mi) in length,[1] making it the seventh longest metro system in the world. In 1999, Carlton Television premiered a regional game show (Greater London area only) also called Mind the Gap.

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The table below has a breakdown of Steps at street level between stations (Zones 1-2) PDF 589KB. The line is predicted to run 36 trains per hour, a 25% increase compared to the present service of 34 trains for the busiest 30 minutes in the morning and evening peaks and 2730 trains per hour during the rest of the peak. A total of 173 people, including 62 children, died, making this both the worst civilian disaster in Britain during the Second World War, and the largest loss of life in a single incident on the London Underground network. [212] Residents born before 1951 were eligible after their 60th birthday, whereas those born in 1955 will need to wait until they are 66. Ackroyd, P. (2012). The London Underground map serves as a playing field for the conceptual game of Mornington Crescent[336] (which is named after a station on the Northern line) and the board game The London Game. Northern, 7.0m per mile. Capacity can be increased further if the operation of the Charing Cross and Bank branches is separated. [308] A bold version of the capitals was developed by Johnston in 1929. [141], New S Stock trains have been introduced on the sub-surface (District, Metropolitan, Hammersmith & City and Circle) lines. Victoria) London Overground & Bakerloo line. WebWhat is the least busiest Tube line in London? The London Underground Film Office received over 200 requests to film in 2000. The line will be part of the New Tube for London Project. Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 has a single-player level named Mind The Gap where most of the level takes place between the dockyards and Westminster while the player and a team of SAS attempt to take down terrorists attempting to escape using the London Underground via a hijacked train. The New Tube for London, which will replace the trains for the Bakerloo, Central, Waterloo and City and Piccadilly lines, is planned to have air conditioning for the new trains along with better energy conservation and regenerative braking.[129][171][172]. London Transport Museum runs guided tours of several disused stations including Down Street and Aldwych through its "Hidden London" programme. The line operates under traditional signalling and does not use Automatic Train Operation. The Central line is a London Underground line that runs through central London, from Epping, Essex, in the north-east to Ealing Broadway and West Ruislip in the west. Stopping services, which stop at every station on the route, may be described as "all-stations" services. In recent years, the stations of the 1990s Jubilee Line Extension were designed in a high-tech style by architects such as Norman Foster and Michael Hopkins. [134] Due to financial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, work to implement the extension is currently on hold. [11] Despite its name, only 45% of the system is under the ground: much of the network in the outer environs of London is on the surface. The London Underground (also known simply as the Underground or by its nickname the Tube) is a rapid transit system serving Greater London and some parts of the adjacent home counties of Buckinghamshire, Essex and Hertfordshire in England. WebUnderground: Tube lines are identified with different solid colours and a single thick line. The Bakerloo line was extended north to Queen's Park to join a new electric line from Euston to Watford, but the First World War delayed construction and trains reached Watford Junction in 1917. [37][286] The Central London Railway appointed Harry Bell Measures as architect, who designed its pinkish-brown steel-framed buildings with larger entrances. The London Underground lines listed from longest to shortest. Steps at street level between stations including National Rail (Zones 1 The 11 new stations were designed to be "future-proof", with wide passageways, large quantities of escalators and lifts, and emergency exits.

Passengers intending to travel into or out of London Victoria station over the Easter weekend are being advised to plan ahead, with line [10] The system serves 272 stations and has 250 miles (400km) of track. London Underground is therefore extending their operational life by making major repairs to many of the trains to maintain reliability. District: Ealing Common, Lillie Bridge Depot, Upminster. 27. WebUnderground: Tube lines are identified with different solid colours and a single thick line. Three South Western Railway passenger trains a day use District Line tracks between Wimbledon and East Putney. [326][327] Major commissions by Art on the Underground in recent years have included Labyrinth by Turner prize winning artist Mark Wallinger to mark the 150th anniversary of the London Underground,[328] "Diamonds and Circles" permanent works "in situ" by French artist Daniel Buren at Tottenham Court Road[329] and "Beauty < Immortality", a memorial to Frank Pick by Langlands & Bell at Piccadilly Circus. The goal is to visit all the stations on the system, but not necessarily using all the lines; participants may connect between stations on foot, or by using other forms of public transport.

The London Underground first opened in 1863, running between Paddington (then known as Bishops Road) and Farringdon Street on what is now part of the Circle, Hammersmith and City and Metropolitan lines. [230] A 2010 London Assembly report concluded that over 10% of people in London had reduced mobility[231] and, with an ageing population, numbers will increase in the future. [1] The Circle, District, Hammersmith & City, and Metropolitan lines form the sub-surface network, with railway tunnels just below the surface and of a similar size to those on British main lines, converging on a circular bi-directional loop around zone 1. [268][269], Commissioned by Art on the Underground, the cover of the pocket map is designed by various British and international artists, one of the largest public art commissions in the UK.

[140], The thirty-six 1972-stock trains on the Bakerloo line have already exceeded their original design life of 40 years. WebThe London Underground, also known as the Tube, is a public transportation system that serves the Greater London area.

See the stations in the map below (August 2022). Opened in 1863. Steps at street level between stations including National Rail (Zones 1 The line and the stations were transferred to the London Overground network in 2010. The idea of an underground railway linking the City of London with the urban centre was proposed in the 1830s,[21] and the Metropolitan Railway was granted permission to build such a line in 1854. This will replace the existing fleet with new air-cooled walk-through trains and a new signalling system to allow Automatic Train Operation. [183], There are 426 escalators on the London Underground system and the longest, at 60 metres (200ft), is at Angel. Central, 5.7m per mile.

[42] By 1907 the District and Metropolitan Railways had electrified the underground sections of their lines. [186], In mid-2012, London Underground, in partnership with Virgin Media, tried out Wi-Fi hot spots in many stations, but not in the tunnels, that allowed passengers free internet access. Until Sunday 19 February 2023. [159] The invitation to tender for the trains was issued in January 2016;[160] the specifications for the Piccadilly line infrastructure are expected in 2016,[154][155] and the first train is due to run on the Piccadilly line in 2023. ** Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia are considered trans-continental countries and are also included in Rapid transit in Asia. The journey is around 55 minutes. The 11 lines collectively handle up to 5million passenger journeys a day and serve 272 stations. [127] All lines use fixed-length trains with between six and eight cars, except for the Waterloo & City line that uses four cars. [141], The signalling system on the Victoria line has been replaced to increase capacity on the line by around 25%; the line now runs up to 36 trains per hour compared to 2728 previously. [124], London Underground trains come in two sizes, larger sub-surface trains and smaller deep-tube trains. [9], The system's first tunnels were built just below the ground, using the cut-and-cover method; later, smaller, roughly circular tunnelswhich gave rise to its nickname, the Tubewere dug through at a deeper level. The words "London Transport" were added inside the ring, above and below the bar. [260][261] A new map was published in 1921 without any background details, but the central area was squashed, requiring smaller letters and arrows. Many of the 270 stations serve more than one of the 11 lines running below the streets of London. [60] After work restarted on the Central line extensions in east and west London, these were completed in 1949. [310] Johnston was adopted systemwide after the formation of the LPTB in 1933 and the LT wordmark was applied to locomotives and carriages. There were many instances of passengers collapsing whilst travelling, due to heat and pollution, leading for calls to clean the air through the installation of garden plants.

Steps at street level between stations including National Rail (Zones 1 Opened in 1863. [292] The Met's architect Charles Walter Clark had used a neo-classical design for rebuilding Baker Street and Paddington Praed Street stations before the First World War and, although the fashion had changed, continued with Farringdon in 1923. Customer satisfaction with London Underground by line Q2 2019/20. [100] The railway opened as the Elizabeth line in May 2022. London Victoria services will be reduced over the Easter weekend due to line upgrades, with most Southern trains to be diverted to London Bridge. [91] In 2019[update], over 12 million Oyster cards and 35 million contactless cards were used, generating around 5bn in ticketing revenue. The track, electrical supply and signalling systems are also being upgraded in a programme to increase peak-hour capacity. Metropolitan line - 66.7km. [331], The Underground (including several fictitious stations[332]) has been featured[clarification needed] in many movies and television shows, including Skyfall, Death Line, Die Another Day, Sliding Doors, An American Werewolf in London, Creep, Tube Tales, Sherlock and Neverwhere. ", "Elizabeth line: almost 50 years in the planning for Crossrail timeline", "Elizabeth line: Crossrail complete after decades of struggle", "Coronavirus: 40 London Underground stations to be closed", "London Underground: Nine Elms and Battersea Power Station set to open", "Northern Line extension: Two new Tube stations open", "150 London Underground facts (including the birth of Jerry Springer in East Finchley station)", "Which London Underground line is the fastest? London E20 1JN. [242], Compared with 200304, the reliability of the network had increased in 201011, with lost customer hours reduced from 54million to 40million. [45], A joint marketing agreement between most of the companies in the early years of the 20th century included maps, joint publicity, through ticketing and UNDERGROUND signs, incorporating the first bullseye symbol,[37] outside stations in Central London. The first deep-level electric railway line also opened in 1890. They argued this would reduce travel times to Epping and London, and help with efforts to add 19,000 new homes to the town and expand the population to 130,000. The tiling at Baker Street incorporates repetitions of Sherlock Holmes's silhouette,[304] at Tottenham Court Road semi-abstract mosaics by Eduardo Paolozzi feature musical instruments, tape machines and butterflies, [305] and at Charing Cross, David Gentleman designed the mural depicting the construction of the Eleanor Cross. Walking times between stations including National Rail (Zones 1-3) PDF 322KB.

[101] The Northern Line Extension opened in September 2021, extending the Northern line from Kennington to Battersea Power Station via Nine Elms. Victoria, 15.1m per mile. Waterloo & City, 10.6m per mile. [211], A concessionary fare scheme is operated by London Councils for residents who are disabled or meet certain age criteria. [5], The Underground has its origins in the Metropolitan Railway, the world's first underground passenger railway. [43], In January 1913, the UERL acquired the Central London Railway and the City & South London Railway, as well as many of London's bus and tram operators. The first deep-level electric railway line also opened in 1890. [312], Early advertising posters used various letter fonts. [330], Similarly since 1986, Poems on the Underground has commissioned poetry that is displayed in trains. Small changes to the Tube network occurred in the 2000s, with extensions to Heathrow Terminal 5, new station at Wood Lane and the Circle line changed from serving a closed loop around the centre of London to a spiral also serving Hammersmith in 2009. Bakerloo line capacity could be increased by 25% with 27 tph at peak times by 2033. Jubilee, 9.5m per mile. A route from Elephant & Castle to Lewisham via the Old Kent Road and New Cross Gate was chosen by Transport for London in 2019. District: Ealing Common, Lillie Bridge Depot, Upminster. [163] In 1938 approval was given for a ventilation improvement programme, and a refrigeration unit was installed in a lift shaft at Tottenham Court Road. District, 5.2m per mile. [285] The City & South London Railway opened with red-brick buildings, designed by Thomas Phillips Figgis, topped with a lead-covered dome that contained the lift mechanism and weather vane (still visible at many stations e.g. Temporary sign boards that stand at the top of escalators also maximise turbulence. [273] Frank Pick, impressed by the Paris Metro, thought the solid red disc cumbersome and took a version where the disc became a ring from a 1915 Sharland poster and gave it to Edward Johnston to develop, and registered the symbol as a trademark in 1917. [180] The first 'comb' type escalator was installed in 1924 at Clapham Common. For London Underground passengers, research suggests that transfers are highly costly in terms of walk and wait times. [220] Since 2010 a dispute between London Underground and trade unions over holiday pay has resulted in a limited service on Boxing Day.[223].