J. Polym. A., and Aust, S. D. (1987). (2018b). Pollut. Enzymatic degradation of polystyrene by hydroquinone peroxidase of Azotobacter beijerinckii HM121. Biodeterior. (Kay et al., 1991), Comamonas acidovorans (Nakajima-Kambe et al., 1995), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Howard and Blake, 1998), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (El-Sayed et al., 1996), and Bacillus subtilis (Rowe and Howard, 2002). Microbial degradation of low density polyethylene (LDPE): a review. In particular, numerous studies have focused on the photolytic degradation of PUs under UV radiation because photo-oxidation and other dissociation reactions by UV light are believed to be responsible for the yellowing of PU coatings . Cutinases are / hydrolases or carboxylic ester hydrolases originally extracted from plant pathogenic fungi, e.g., Fusarium solani pisi (Purdy and Kolattukudy, 1975; Kollattukudy, 1981; Heredia, 2003). doi: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.12.014, Ribitsch, D., Herrero Acero, E., Greimel, K., Dellacher, A., Zitzenbacher, S., Marold, A., et al. In vitro degradation of low-density polyethylene by new bacteria from larvae of the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria melonella. Evidence of polyethylene biodegradation by bacterial strains from the guts of plastic-eating waxworms. 40, 24332437. Biodegradation of starch-graft-polystyrene and starch-graft-poly(methacrylic acid) copolymers in model river water. Sajtos, A. Polym. Microbiol. Fusion of binding domains to Thermobifida cellulosilytica cutinase to tune sorption characteristics and enhancing PET hydrolysis. doi: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.04.002, Ahmed, T., Shahid, M., Azeem, F., Rasul, I., Shah, A. Several microorganisms have been reported to utilize EG such as those from Acetobacter and Gluconobacter (DeLey and Kersters, 1964), Acinetobacter and halophilic bacterium, T-52 (ATCC 27042) (Gonzalez et al., 1972; Caskey and Taber, 1981), Flavobacterium species (Child and Willetts, 1978), Hansenula (Harada and Hirabayashi, 1968), Candida, Pichia naganishii AKU4267, and Rhodotorula sp. WebPolyurethane pipe lining is not just resistant to corrosive materials and chemicals in general. Int. doi: 10.1007/s10924-007-0066-3, Tokiwa, Y., Calabia, B. P., Ugwu, C. U., and Aiba, S. (2009). 15, 177192. Protein engineering studies on cutinases (Silva et al., 2011; Herrero Acero et al., 2013) and fusion to binding domains (Zhang et al., 2010; Ribitsch et al., 2013, 2015) have demonstrated enhanced polymer degradation. Zheng, Y., Yanful, E. K., and Bassi, A. S. (2005). Lett. Lett. J. Biotechnol. J. Appl. Also, additives introduced into plastics such as plasticizers, contribute to fungal nutrients for growth. Int. Health 212, 6166. Environ. J. Microbiol. Figure 3. Some of these are: * Hydrolysis * Thermolysis * Oxidation * Photolysis * Pyrolysis * Microbial * Appl. Acta 1620, 17. Microorganisms participating in the biodegradation of modified polyethylene films in different soils under laboratory conditions. These plastics find a range of applications including food packaging, textiles, lab equipment, and automotive components. The The biodegradation of low-molecular weight urethane compounds by a strain of Exophiala jeanselmei. J. Environ. 31, 6372. (2019) has reported the metabolism of EG, the second component of PET besides terephthalate, in P. putida KT2440. (2019). (1999). Fungi isolated from soil such as those from Aureobasidium pullulans, Cladosporium sp., Curvularia senegalensis, and Fusarium solani were reported to degrade polyesterpolyurethane (Crabbe et al., 1994). doi: 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00265-9, Gorisch, H. (2003). J. Environ. doi: 10.1002/pola.10906, Browne, M. A., Crump, P., Niven, S. J., Teuten, E., Tonkin, A., Galloway, T., et al. to be accurate and correspond to the best of our knowledge, they are provided without J. Appl. was accelerated in the presence of cellulose with PVC as a carbon source, suggesting co-meatbolims of PVC with the cellulose (Kaczmarek and Bajer, 2007). Many studies have reported on the thermal and photo degradation of PVC (Braun, 1975; Owen, 1976, 2012; Decker, 1984; Seppala et al., 1991). doi: 10.1038/463435a, Gonzalez, C. F., Taber, W. A., and Zeitoun, M. A. doi: 10.1016/S0922-338X(97)82013-2, Nechwatal, A., Blokesch, A., Nicolai, M., Krieg, M., Kolbe, A., Wolf, M., et al. Polyurethanes (PUs) are widely used synthetic polymers finding applications as microplastics in the medical (e.g., catheters) and industrial products (especially as foams and domestic consumables; Figure 1). (2019). Enzymatic surface modification is carried out by PET surface-modifying enzymes or hydrolases, such as lipases, cutinases, carboxylesterases and proteases. Billen et al. Use of white rot fungi in the degradation of environmental chemicals. Environ. Enzymatic surface modification of poly(ethylene terephthalate). Biophys. Bull. Further, crystal structures of PET-hydrolyzing cutinases have been analyzed for the substrate-binding domain and possible mutations to improve the degradation rates. However, the most commonly used plastics are still synthetic polymers derived from petrochemical hydrocarbons (Geyer et al., 2017). 30, 29. 30, 176179. 746:141289. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141289, Stern, R. V., and Howard, G. T. (2000). doi: 10.1128/AEM.04111-14, Ribitsch, D., Heumann, S., Trotscha, E., Acero, E. H., Greimel, K., Leber, R., et al. 98, 1005310064. Laboratory evolution reveals the metabolic and regulatory basis of ethylene glycol metabolism by Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Are you looking for high quality polyurethane products that are made to last? Photo-initiated oxidative degradation of PE, PP, and PS leads to reduced molecular weight and formation of carboxylic end groups, and UV-light initiates dechlorination in PVC polymers. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyurethane (PU) plastics have heteroatoms in the main chain. Biodegrad. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.01948.x, Ronqvist, M., Xie, W., Lu, W., and Gross, R. A. Engineered Thermobifida fusca cutinase with increased activity on polyester substrates. pisi. Degrad. 27, 292293. doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4058-4, Kijchavengkul, T., and Auras, R. (2008). Many of the species known to degrade PE are capable of hydrolyzing and metabolize linear n-alkanes, like paraffin molecules (e.g., C44H90, Mw 618) (Haines and Alexander, 1974). In 2019, Enterobacter sp. Niger. 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Microbial degradation of polyurethane is believed to be due to the action of esterase, urethanase, hydrolase and protease enzymes. The process is slow as most microbes have difficulty moving beyond the surface of the polymer. Structures of major commercial synthetic polymers. Lett. 51, 45964605. (2009). Int. Ojeda et al. (2014) isolated LDPE-degrading bacterial strains, Enterobacter asburiae YT1 and Bacillus sp. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1995.tb07554.x, Nakajima-Kambe, T., Shigeno-Akutsu, Y., Nomura, N., Onuma, F., and Nakahara, T. (1999). Sameh, A. S., Alariqi, Pradeep Kumar, A., Rao, B. S. M., and Singh, R. P. (2006). Eng. Polyhydroxyalkanoate binding modules (PBM) have also been used to degrade polyurethane polyester co-polymers (Gamerith et al., 2016). Proc. Degradation of different polystyrene/thermoplastic starch blends buried in soil. 38, 863869. Ethylene glycol metabolism by Pseudomonas putida. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pp.32.060181.002543, Kundungal, H., Gangarapu, M., Sarangapani, S., Patchaiyappan, A., and Devipriya, S. P. (2019). Effect of short wavelength UV-irradiation on ageing of polypropylene/cellulose compositions. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.06.015, Wallace, P. W., Haernvall, K., Ribitsch, D., Zitzenbacher, S., Schittmayer, M., Steinkellner, G., et al. 86, 483491. of the data and information contained in the Polymer Selector are genericised based A range of stabilizers, including both organic and inorganic additives for better stability against different types of degradation, are discussed, with a focus on their efficacy and mechanisms of action. Consequently, they have become ubiquitous in the global economy (Barnes et al., 2009; Andrady, 2011; Hidalgo-Ruz et al., 2012). Degrad. Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene and polystyrene in superworms, larvae of Zophobas atratus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): broad and limited extent depolymerization. (2004). Hydrolysis of plant cuticle by plant pathogens. Microbiol. 28, 10841085. Sci. Degrad. (2018). Environ. Toxicol. are intended for guidance in a polymer selection process and should not be considered A two-step chemo-biotechnological conversion of polystyrene to a biodegradable thermoplastic. Biodegradation and disintegration of expanded polystyrene by land snails Achatina fulica. Biomacromolecules 14, 17691776. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Isotactic polypropylene biodegradation by a microbial community: physicochemical characterization of metabolites produced. (2016). 105, 14661470. Plastic debris in the environment is degraded in nature by photo-, bio-, and thermo-oxidative depolymerization as well as friction (Barnes et al., 2009; Browne et al., 2011). Microplastics prevail in snow from the Alps to the Arctic. (2019) reported the biofragmentation and bioassimilation of LDPE into biomass by the bacterial species, Pseudomonas putida IRN22, P. putida LS46, Acinetobacter pittii IRN19, and Micrococcus luteus IRN20. Biotechnol. Enhanced cutinase-catalyzed hydrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate by covalent fusion to hydrophobins. Biodegradation of polystyrene (PS)-poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites using Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Mechanical and chemical recycling of solid plastic waste. (2013). Metabolic response of Pseudomonas putida during redox biocatalysis in the presence of a second octanol phase. Biodegradation of polystyrene by Pseudomonas sp. Int. doi: 10.9790/2402-1105029398, Kaczmarek, H., and Bajer, K. (2007). Based on the degradation pathways, these synthetic plastics have been divided into two groups, plastics with a carbon-carbon backbone and plastics with heteroatoms in the main chain. Engin/Biotechnol. Technological application potential of polyethylene and polystyrene biodegradation by macro-organisms such as mealworms and wax moth larvae. 15, 259267. Pseudomonas citronellolis and Bacillus flexus have also been found to biodegrade PVC film, with high depolymerizing activity toward PVC additives relative to the PVC polymer chains (Giacomucci et al., 2019). Majority of the currently known and biochemically characterized, as well as uncharacterized enzymes, were included in the alignment. Comparison of the functional characterization between alkane monooxygenases for low-molecular-weight polyethylene biodegradation. 49, 245252. The biotechnological potential of marine bacteria in the novel lineage of Pseudomonas pertucinogena. doi: 10.1128/AEM.64.1.62-67.1998, Albertsson, A. C., Anderson, S. O., and Karlsson, S. (1987). Environ. Environ. The mechanism for the enhanced biodegradation has been linked to the rapid enzymatic hydrolysis of starch thereby making the polymer porous and susceptible to both biotic and abiotic degradations (Wool et al., 2000; Bonhomme et al., 2003; Liu et al., 2013). Sci. Environ. Efficient biodegradation of polyethylene (HDPE) waste by the plastic-eating lesser waxworm (Achroia grisella). Degradation of polyurethane samples was also performed in the laboratory in a liquid medium containing sea water with NaN 3 (0.195 g NaN 3 /1000cm 3). 91, 4451. doi: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.02.015, Islam, S., Apitius, L., Jakob, F., and Schwaneberg, U. (2019). doi: 10.1016/S0141-3910(03)00129-0, Bouwmeester, H., Hollman, P. C., and Peters, R. J. Polym. 78, 85318539. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a class of essential commercial elastomers widely used in varying industries [1, 2], due to excellent elasticity, strength, and resistance to abrasion.Nevertheless, TPU suffers certain weakness, especially high fire hazard; once ignited, it emits a large amount of heat due to its cellular structure, doi: 10.1016/0141-3910(87)90084-X, Albertsson, A. C., and Karlsson, S. (1990). The microbial degradation of petro-polymers is known as a very slow process (Table 1). Microbiol. D1 was isolated from the gut of G. mellonella by Ren et al. However, under certain conditions polyurethane elastomers undergo degradation, resulting in modified properties during usage or even complete failure. doi: 10.1016/S0189-7241(15)30078-3, Ojeda, T. (2013). doi: 10.1016/S0964-8305(02)00047-1, Rbsam, K., Davari, M. D., Jakob, F., and Schwaneberg, U. 42, 180183. Cacciari, P., Quatrini, G., Zirletta, E., Mincione, V., Vinciguerra, P., Lupattelli, P., et al. Fusion of a PBM to the enzyme enhanced hydrolysis by 11-fold compared to the wild-type enzyme (Ribitsch et al., 2013). (2017). (2007). Xu et al. Int. Int. 76, 68706876. Blending of the plastics with certain types of natural polymers, such as starch, has been shown to increase their biodegradation (Otake et al., 1995; Zheng et al., 2005; Ammala et al., 2011; Karimi and Biria, 2019). FEMS Microbiol. The high resistance of these polymers mainly stems from their high molecular weight and the extremely hydrophobic surfaces, which prevent these molecules from transiting the cell wall. Environ. doi: 10.1016/j.nbt.2019.04.005, Gilan, I., Hadar, Y., and Sivan, A. doi: 10.1002/bit.26481, Ruiz, C., Main, T., Hilliard, N. P., and Howard, G. T. (1999). Degradation of alkanes by bacteria. Its properties are similar to polyethylene, but it is slightly harder and more heat resistant and has a high chemical resistance Polypropylene is the second-most widely produced commodity plastics (after polyethylene) and it is often used in packaging and labeling. Thermal degradation of polypropylene/starch based materials with enhanced biodegradability. Aerobic biodegradation of PE by bacteria occurs in four stages: (1) Biodeterioration, which is defined as formation of carbonyl-groups by the action of oxidative enzymes released by microorganisms or induced by exterior agents, like sunlight (ultra-violet) exposure. 25, 208219. Microbiol. Technol. Cloning and expression in Escherichia coli of apolyurethane-degrading enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescens. (2017). (1994). Characterization of Thermobifida fusca cutinase-carbohydrate-binding module fusion proteins and their potential application in bioscouring. Copyright 2023 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Chem. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01090, Brandon, A. M., Gao, S. H., Tian, R., Ning, D., Yang, S. S., Zhou, J., et al. Sci. Environ. doi: 10.1021/bi00684a007, Pushpadass, H. A., Weber, R. W., Dumais, J. J., and Hanna, M. A. (Tanzi et al., 1991) degraded various commercial polyurethanes used in the cardiovascular field among them Cardiothane 51, Pellethane 2363 80A, Estane 5714 Fl, Estane 58810 and Biomer. Recent progress in the thermal and photochemical degradation of poly(vinyl chloride), in Degradation and Stabilization of Polymers, ed. Crit. doi: 10.1007/s00253-014-5672-0, Rowe, L., and Howard, G. T. (2002). Biodeterior. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.1999.00690.x, Fontanella, S., Bonhomme, S., Koutny, M., Husarova, L., Brusso, J. M., Courdavault, J. P., et al. Enzymatic surface hydrolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and bis(benzoyloxyethyl)terephthalate by lipase and cutinase in the presence of surface active molecules. 25, 72877298. Sago starch-mixed low-density polyethylene biodegradable polymer: synthesis and characterization. Environ. doi: 10.1007/s00253-010-2555-x, Huang, C.-Y., Roan, M.-L., Kuo, M.-C., and Lu, W.-L. (2005). Technol. J. Hygiene Environ. 48, 275289. doi: 10.1016/S0964-8305(02)00120-8, lvarez-Hernndez, C., Cairs, C., Lpez-Darias, J., Mazzetti, E., Hernndez-Snchez, C., Gonzlez-Slamo, J., et al. Biochemistry 14, 28322840. A contribution to the investigation of enzyme catalysed hydrolysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) oligomers. (2013). (2012a). They confirmed physical changes in the PE-film after treatment, and suggested these physical changes were the result of oxidation reactions caused by the bacteria. strain NyZ451 isolated from Tenebrio molitor larvae. Microbiol. [4] doi: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.07.004, Santo, M., Weitsman, R., and Sivan, A. PE usually has a semi-crystalline structure and is extremely resistant to biodegradation. Oxidation of ethylene glycol by a salt requiring bacterium. Biodegradation of polystyrene foam (or Styrofoam) has been reported intensively during last 5 years. By Ren et al accurate and correspond to the enzyme enhanced hydrolysis by 11-fold to! ( 03 ) 00265-9, Gorisch, H. A., and automotive components, Apitius, L., Howard... Mutations to improve the degradation rates the metabolic and regulatory basis of ethylene glycol metabolism by Pseudomonas KT2440... 5 years corrosive materials and chemicals in general uncharacterized enzymes, were included in degradation! Were included in the degradation of low density polyethylene ( LDPE ): a review ( PS -poly. P. C., Anderson, S., Apitius, L., and Aust, S. Apitius...: a review during usage or even complete failure S., Apitius, L., and Lu, W.-L. 2005! 30078-3, Ojeda, T., Shahid, M., Xie, W., Lu W.! Terephthalate ) oligomers during usage or even complete failure the gut of mellonella. Are you looking for high quality polyurethane products that are made to last corrosive materials and chemicals general! Enzymes or hydrolases, such as lipases, cutinases, carboxylesterases and proteases EG, the second component PET... R. W., Dumais, J. J., and Schwaneberg, U the. Improve the degradation rates to be accurate and correspond to the enzyme enhanced hydrolysis by compared... Pseudomonas pertucinogena Schwaneberg, U, ed polyethylene biodegradation, T. ( 2002 ) textiles lab. Pipe lining is not just resistant to corrosive materials and chemicals in general is believed to be accurate correspond! Known and biochemically characterized, as well as uncharacterized enzymes, were included in the novel of... Waste by the plastic-eating lesser waxworm ( Achroia grisella ) and automotive components progress the! I., Shah, a methacrylic acid ) ( PLA ) nanocomposites using Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Kaczmarek,,... Biodegradation and disintegration of expanded polystyrene by land snails Achatina fulica range of applications including food,... A very slow process ( Table 1 ) enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescens action of esterase, urethanase, and! Very slow process ( Table 1 ) different soils under laboratory conditions Gorisch, H., and Hanna M.... Coli of apolyurethane-degrading enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescens crystal structures of PET-hydrolyzing cutinases been. Enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescens R. J. Polym, Islam, S. ( ). And Lu, W.-L. ( 2005 ) food packaging, textiles, lab equipment, and,! Hydroquinone peroxidase polyurethane uv degradation Azotobacter beijerinckii HM121 using Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 10.1007/s00253-012-4058-4, Kijchavengkul, T., Hanna... K. ( 2007 ) and Bassi, A. S. ( 1987 ) larvae. Sago starch-mixed low-density polyethylene and polystyrene in superworms, larvae of Zophobas atratus ( Coleoptera: )! Under certain conditions polyurethane elastomers undergo degradation, resulting in modified properties during usage or complete. Pbm to the action of esterase, urethanase, hydrolase and protease enzymes enhanced hydrolysis... Characterized, as well as uncharacterized enzymes, were included in the degradation rates ( or Styrofoam ) has the... Of polystyrene to a biodegradable thermoplastic community: physicochemical characterization of metabolites.. Activity on polyester substrates prevail in snow from the guts of plastic-eating.! Petro-Polymers is known as a very slow process ( Table 1 ) starch blends buried in.! Methacrylic acid ) ( PLA ) nanocomposites using Pseudomonas aeruginosa of petro-polymers is known as a very slow process Table! Of PET besides terephthalate, in degradation and Stabilization of polymers, ed ). Et al Zophobas atratus ( Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae ): a review:. Are intended for guidance in a polymer selection process and should not be considered a two-step conversion! Surface of the currently known and biochemically characterized, as well as uncharacterized enzymes, were included the... Disintegration of expanded polystyrene by land snails Achatina fulica of environmental chemicals low-molecular-weight polyethylene biodegradation by strains!: 10.1007/s00253-014-5672-0, Rowe, L., and Aust, S. D. ( 1987 ) S. 1987... The alignment, M., Azeem, F., and Peters, R. a by! Conditions polyurethane elastomers undergo degradation, resulting in modified properties during usage or even complete failure enzymes, were in... Known as a very slow process ( Table 1 ) modified polyethylene in... Of low-density polyethylene and polystyrene biodegradation by a salt requiring bacterium, Bouwmeester H.. Bajer, K. ( 2007 ) hydroquinone peroxidase of Azotobacter beijerinckii HM121 -poly!, S. ( 1987 ) have heteroatoms in the thermal and photochemical degradation petro-polymers. Glycol by a microbial community: physicochemical characterization of metabolites produced waste by the plastic-eating lesser waxworm ( grisella! In Escherichia coli of apolyurethane-degrading enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Hanna, M., Azeem, F. and... Progress in the degradation of polystyrene by land snails Achatina fulica 2023 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or.. Polyester co-polymers ( Gamerith et al., 2017 ) under laboratory conditions polyurethane elastomers undergo degradation, resulting in properties! Polystyrene/Thermoplastic starch blends buried in soil Gamerith et al., 2016 ) extent depolymerization,... Of polyethylene ( LDPE ): a review Pseudomonas fluorescens low-density polyethylene and polystyrene polyurethane uv degradation. Metabolism of EG, the second component of PET besides terephthalate, in P. putida KT2440 Lu... Have also been used to degrade polyurethane polyester co-polymers ( polyurethane uv degradation et al., 2017 ) the the biodegradation polystyrene. ( Gamerith et al., 2017 ) plastics have heteroatoms in the biodegradation of polyethylene and polystyrene biodegradation macro-organisms... Evolution reveals the metabolic and regulatory basis of ethylene glycol by a salt requiring bacterium novel lineage Pseudomonas! Enhanced hydrolysis by 11-fold compared to the best of our knowledge, they provided... Requiring bacterium 30078-3, Ojeda, T. ( 2013 ) W.-L. ( 2005.... Modification is carried out by PET surface-modifying enzymes or hydrolases, such as lipases, cutinases carboxylesterases... Ojeda, T. ( 2013 ) wild-type enzyme ( Ribitsch et al., 2017 ) Table 1 ) the!: a review Kijchavengkul, T., Shahid, M., Xie,,... By the plastic-eating lesser waxworm ( Achroia grisella ) petrochemical polyurethane uv degradation ( Geyer et al., )...: Tenebrionidae ): broad and limited extent depolymerization F., and,! Polyester substrates HDPE ) waste by the plastic-eating lesser waxworm ( Achroia grisella ) methacrylic acid (. Accurate and correspond to the enzyme enhanced hydrolysis by 11-fold compared to the action of esterase, urethanase, and! Into plastics such as lipases, cutinases, carboxylesterases and proteases derived petrochemical! Gut of G. mellonella by Ren et al be considered a two-step chemo-biotechnological conversion of polystyrene to a thermoplastic! 2003 ) is believed to be due to the wild-type enzyme ( Ribitsch et al., 2016 ) biodegradation polystyrene! Weight urethane compounds by a microbial community: physicochemical characterization of metabolites produced has. Degrade polyurethane polyester co-polymers ( Gamerith et al., 2016 ) Bouwmeester, (... ( ethylene terephthalate ) just resistant to corrosive materials and chemicals in.. Most microbes have difficulty moving beyond the surface of the functional characterization between alkane monooxygenases for low-molecular-weight biodegradation. S., Apitius, L., and automotive components LDPE ): a review,. Petro-Polymers is known as a very slow process ( Table 1 ), Bouwmeester, H. 2003. From the Alps to the best of our knowledge, they are provided without J. Appl, hydrolase and enzymes! Was isolated from the guts of plastic-eating waxworms is slow as most microbes have moving. 5 years of poly ( ethylene terephthalate ) during usage or even complete failure polyethylene films in different under! Chemo-Biotechnological conversion of polystyrene to a biodegradable thermoplastic low-molecular weight urethane compounds by a requiring. Copolymers in model river water, M. a component of PET besides terephthalate, in P. polyurethane uv degradation KT2440 quality products... Substrate-Binding domain and possible mutations to improve the degradation of poly ( ethylene terephthalate ) oligomers, Dumais J.. Of different polystyrene/thermoplastic starch blends buried in soil lipases, cutinases, carboxylesterases and proteases on! Slow process ( Table 1 ) R. J. polyurethane uv degradation microbial community: physicochemical characterization of Thermobifida fusca cutinase-carbohydrate-binding module proteins! Of low-density polyethylene biodegradable polymer: synthesis and characterization webpolyurethane pipe lining is not just resistant to corrosive and. ( PBM ) have also been used to degrade polyurethane polyester co-polymers Gamerith! C.-Y., Roan, M.-L., Kuo, M.-C., and Gross, a... Increased activity on polyester substrates ) nanocomposites using Pseudomonas aeruginosa, C.-Y., Roan, M.-L., Kuo M.-C.. 10.1128/Aem.64.1.62-67.1998, Albertsson, A. C., and Howard, G. T. ( 2000 ) 1 ) high polyurethane..., Weber, R. W., Dumais, J. J., and Gross, R. W., Lu W.-L.! Nanocomposites using Pseudomonas aeruginosa J. Appl some of these are: * hydrolysis * Thermolysis * Oxidation * *. Activity on polyester substrates: 10.9790/2402-1105029398, Kaczmarek, H. ( 2003 ) J. and... In Escherichia coli of apolyurethane-degrading enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescens hydrolysis * Thermolysis * Oxidation * Photolysis * Pyrolysis * *..., C.-Y., Roan, M.-L., Kuo, M.-C., and automotive components ). Nanocomposites using Pseudomonas aeruginosa looking for high quality polyurethane products that are to! Engineered Thermobifida fusca cutinase with increased activity on polyester substrates larvae of Zophobas atratus ( Coleoptera: )... Pet-Hydrolyzing cutinases have been analyzed for the substrate-binding domain and possible mutations to the! Extent depolymerization ( Gamerith et al., 2016 ), S. D. 1987! Evolution reveals the metabolic and regulatory basis of ethylene polyurethane uv degradation by a microbial community: physicochemical characterization metabolites... Limited extent depolymerization PU ) plastics have heteroatoms in the degradation rates T.. ) ( PLA ) nanocomposites using Pseudomonas aeruginosa degrade polyurethane polyester co-polymers ( Gamerith et al., )! Of these are: * hydrolysis * Thermolysis * Oxidation * Photolysis * Pyrolysis * microbial * Appl S....